Wireless communication apparatus including data compressor and operating method of the wireless communication apparatus

ABSTRACT

A wireless communication apparatus includes a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) configured to receive an input signal to generate a digital sample signal from the input signal, a data compressor configured to compress the digital sample signal according to a compression manner based on a data probability distribution of the input signal varying based on a receivable signal amplitude range of the RFIC, a data decompressor configured to decompress the compressed digital sample signal on the basis of a decompression manner corresponding to the compression manner to generate a decompressed digital sample signal, a data transfer link configured to transfer the compressed digital sample signal to the data decompressor, and a processor configured to process the decompressed digital sample signal.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This U.S. non-provisional patent application is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 16/925,947 filed Jul. 10, 2020, which claimsthe benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2019-0116357, filed on Sep. 20, 2019, in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which are incorporatedby reference in their entirety herein.

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field

The inventive concept relates to a wireless communication apparatusincluding a data compressor for compressing data and an operating methodof the wireless communication apparatus.

2. Discussion of Related Art

5^(th) generation (5G) technology applied to a wireless communicationsystem is new radio access technology for providing a high-speed dataservice of several gigabits per second (Gbps) by using an ultra-wideband having a bandwidth of 100 MHz or more compared to conventional longterm evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced (LTE-A). However, since it isdifficult to secure an ultra-wide band frequency of 100 MHz or more in afrequency band of hundreds MHz or several GHz, which is used in LTE orLTE-A, a 5G communication system transmits a signal by using a widefrequency band in a frequency band of 6 GHz or more.

Wireless communication apparatuses include a data transfer link fortransferring data between internal modules thereof so as to process datareceived from a base station or another wireless communicationapparatus. As a transfer rate of each wireless communication apparatusincreases, a data capacity, which is to be transferred through the datatransfer link within a certain time, increases. Due to this, a structureof the data transfer link is very complicated, and a size of the datatransfer link increases.

SUMMARY

At least one embodiment of the inventive concept provides a wirelesscommunication apparatus including a data compressor for compressing dataon the basis of a compression manner suitable for a communicationenvironment or communication performance of the wireless communicationapparatus and an operating method of the wireless communicationapparatus.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, there isprovided a wireless communication apparatus including a radio frequencyintegrated circuit (RFIC) configured to receive an input signal togenerate a digital sample signal from the input signal, a datacompressor configured to compress the digital sample signal according toa compression manner based on a data probability distribution of theinput signal varying based on a receivable signal amplitude range of theRFIC, a data decompressor configured to decompress a compressed digitalsample signal on the basis of a decompression manner corresponding tothe compression manner, a data transfer link configured to transfer thecompressed digital sample signal to the data decompressor, and aprocessor configured to process the decompressed digital sample signal.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, there isprovided a wireless communication apparatus including a radio frequencyintegrated circuit (RFIC) configured to receive an input signal togenerate a digital sample signal from the input signal, a datacompressor configured to select one compression manner from among aplurality of compression manners using a data probability distributionof the input signal and compress the digital sample signal on the basisof the selected compression manner, a data decompressor configured todecompress the compressed digital sample signal on the basis of adecompression manner corresponding to the selected compression manner togenerate a decompressed digital sample signal, a data transfer linkconfigured to transfer the compressed digital sample signal to the datadecompressor, and a processor configured to process the decompresseddigital sample signal.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, there isprovided an operating method of a wireless communication apparatus, theoperating method including analog-to-digital converting a received inputsignal into a digital sample signal, compressing the digital samplesignal according to a compression manner based on a data probabilitydistribution of the input signal to generate a compressed digital samplesignal, transferring the compressed digital sample signal to beprocessed, decompressing the compressed digital sample signal on thebasis of a decompression manner corresponding to the compression manner,and processing the decompressed digital sample signal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the inventive concept will be more clearly understoodfrom the following detailed description taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication systemaccording to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams for describing an operation of a datacompressor performing conversion of a floating point, according to anexemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams for describing a data probabilitydistribution of an input signal used for a compression operation of adata compressor;

FIG. 6A is a block diagram for describing a data compressor performing acompression operation on the basis of a first compression manner and adata decompressor performing a decompression operation on the basis of afirst decompression manner, according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept, and FIG. 6B is a flowchart for describing anoperation of the data compressor of FIG. 6A;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram for describing a data compressor performing acompression operation on the basis of a second compression manner and adata decompressor performing a decompression operation on the basis of asecond decompression manner, according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept;

FIG. 8A is a flowchart for describing an operation of the datacompressor of FIG. 7 , and FIG. 8B is a flowchart for describing anoperation of a second converter of FIG. 7 ;

FIGS. 9A and 9B are flowcharts for describing an operation of a digitalsample data group unit of the data compressor of FIG. 7 , according toan exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram for describing a data compressor performing acompression operation on the basis of a second compression manner and adata decompressor performing a decompression operation on the basis of asecond decompression manner, according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept;

FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams for describing a method of selecting acompression manner, according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a storage system according to anexemplary embodiment of the inventive concept; and

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating communication apparatuses including adata compressor or a data decompressor, according to an exemplaryembodiment of the inventive concept.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

A base station may be a main agent which communicates with a wirelesscommunication apparatus and allocates a communication network resourceto the wireless communication apparatus and may be at least one of acell, a base station (BS), a NodeB (NB), an eNodeB (eNB), a nextgeneration radio access network (NG RAN), a wireless access unit, a basestation controller, or a node of a network.

A wireless communication apparatus may be a main agent whichcommunicates with a base station or another wireless communicationapparatus and may be referred to as a node, user equipment (UE), nextgeneration UE (NG UE), a mobile station (MS), mobile equipment (ME), adevice, or a terminal.

Moreover, a wireless communication apparatus may include at least one ofa smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile phone, a videophone, an e-book reader, a desktop PC, a laptop PC, a netbook computer,a personal digital assistant (PDA), an MP3 player, a medical device, acamera, and a wearable device. Moreover, a wireless communicationapparatus may be at least one of a television (TV), a digital video disk(DVD) player, an audio player, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, avacuum cleaner, an oven, a microwave oven, a washer, a dryer, an airpurifier, a set-top box, a home automation control panel, a securitycontrol panel, a media box (for example, Samsung HomeSync™, Apple TV™,or Google TV™), a gaming console (for example, Xbox™ or PlayStation™),an electronic dictionary, an electronic key, a camcorder, and anelectronic picture frame. Moreover, a wireless communication apparatusmay be at least one of various medical devices (for example, variousportable medical measurement devices (for example, a blood sugarmeasurer, a heartbeat measurer, a blood pressure measurer, a bodytemperature measurer, etc.), a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)device, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, a computed tomography(CT) device, an imaging device, or an ultrasonic device), a navigationdevice, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), an event datarecorder (EDR), a flight data recorder (FDR), an automotive infotainmentdevice, a naval electronic device (for example, a naval navigationdevice, a gyro compass, etc.), an avionic electronic device, a securitydevice, an automotive head unit, an industrial or consumer robot, adrone, an automated teller machine (ATM), a point of sales (POS), and anInternet of things (IoT) device (for example, a bulb, various sensors, aspring cooler device, a fire alarm, a temperature controller, a streetlamp post, a toaster, sporting equipment, a hot water tank, a heater, aboiler, etc.). In addition, a wireless communication apparatus mayinclude various kinds of multimedia systems for performing acommunication function.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept will bedescribed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system 1according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the wireless communication system 1 includes abase station 10 and a wireless communication apparatus 100. In FIG. 1 ,for convenience of description, the wireless communication apparatus 100is illustrated as communicating with one base station 10, but is notlimited thereto. In other embodiments, the wireless communicationapparatus 100 may communicate with a plurality of base stations or aplurality of wireless communication apparatuses, and even in this case,the inventive concept may be applied to the wireless communicationapparatus 100. The wireless communication system 1 may be, for example,a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5^(th) generation (5G) system, acode division multiple access (CDMA) system, a global system for mobilecommunications (GSM) system, a wireless local area network (WLAN)system, or an arbitrary wireless communication system. Hereinafter, thewireless communication system 1 may be assumed to correspond to a 5Gcommunication system, but embodiments of the inventive concept are notlimited thereto.

A wireless communication network between the wireless communicationapparatus 100 and the base station 10 may support that a plurality ofusers sharing available network resources to communicate with oneanother. For example, the wireless communication network may transferinformation by using various manners such as code division multipleaccess (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time divisionmultiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access(SC-FDMA).

The wireless communication apparatus 100 and the base station 10 maycommunicate with each other through a downlink channel DL and an uplinkchannel UL. The wireless communication apparatus 100 includes an antenna110, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 120, a data compressor130, a data transfer link 140 (e.g., a link circuit), a datadecompressor 150, and a processor 160. The RFIC 120 may output a digitalsample signal, generated by performing analog-to-digital conversion anddown-sampling on an input signal received through the antenna 110 fromthe base station 10, to the data compressor 130. The RFIC may include ananalog-to-digital converter (e.g., circuit) for performing theanalog-to-digital conversion. The digital sample signal may include aplurality of pieces of digital sample data sorted in a time sequence,and compressing of the digital sample signal may include compressing ofeach of the plurality of pieces of digital sample data. The digitalsample data may include in-phase (I) sample data and quadrature (Q)sample data. The in-phase (I) sample data and the quadrature (Q) sampledata may be generated from amplitude module sinusoid signals. Theinventive concept may be applied to individually compressing anddecompressing the I sample data and the Q sample data.

The data compressor 130 according to an exemplary embodiment compressesthe digital sample signal on the basis of a data probabilitydistribution of a variable input signal according to a receivable signalamplitude range of the RFIC 120. For example, according to a beamformingmanner set in the RFIC 120, the receivable signal amplitude range of theRFIC 120 may be adjusted based on a factor such as a gain set in eachlow noise amplifier of the RFIC 120. A variance of the data probabilitydistribution of the input signal may vary based on the receivable signalamplitude range of the RFIC 120, and the data compressor 130 may obtaininformation about the data probability distribution of the input signalsuitable for the receivable signal amplitude range of the RFIC 120,which is currently set. In an exemplary embodiment, information aboutdata probability distributions of the input signal respectivelycorresponding to various receivable signal amplitude ranges of the RFIC120 are previously stored in a memory (not shown) of the wirelesscommunication apparatus 100. This will be described below in detail withreference to FIGS. 5A to 5C.

In an exemplary embodiment, the data compressor 130 performs a floatingpoint conversion on the digital sample signal on the basis of the dataprobability distribution of the input signal to compress the digitalsample signal. In the floating point conversion, a data format mayinclude a mantissa region and an exponent region. For example, themantissa may define the non-zero part of a number (e.g., an amplitude ofdigital sample signal at a particular time) and the exponent may definehow many positions to move the decimal point. A sum of the number ofbits of the mantissa region and the number of bits of the exponentregion may be less than the number of bits of the digital sample signalbefore the floating point conversion, and thus, the digital samplesignal may be compressed through the floating point conversion.Hereinafter, the data compressor 130 may compress the digital samplesignal by performing a conversion operation on the digital samplesignal, and thus, a compression operation and a conversion operation ofthe data compressor 130 may be described as having the same meaning. Themantissa region may further include a sign bit.

In an embodiment, the number of bits of the mantissa region and thenumber of bits of the exponent region may each be previously set as acombination of minimum values for expressing all values which thedigital sample signal may have. The digital sample signal may beexpressed as multiplication of bit data of the mantissa region and bitdata of the exponent region on the basis of the floating pointconversion. For example, assuming that digital sample data of thedigital sample signal is 12 bits, bit data of the mantissa region is 8bits, and bit data of the exponent region is 3 bits, when a value of thedigital sample data is ‘000001000001’ (or ‘65’ with respect to a decimalnumber), the digital sample data may be converted so that a value of thebit data of the mantissa region is ‘01000001’ (or ‘65’ with respect to adecimal number) and a value of the bit data of the exponent region is‘000’ (or ‘0’ with respect to a decimal number). In this case, abefore-conversion value (65′ with respect to a decimal number) of thedigital sample data is the same as an after-conversion value (65′ withrespect to a decimal number) of the digital sample data.

When a value of the digital sample data is ‘000100000001’ (or ‘257’ withrespect to a decimal number), the digital sample data may be convertedso that a value of the bit data of the mantissa region is ‘1000000’ (or‘64’ with respect to a decimal number) and a value of the bit data ofthe exponent region is ‘100’ (or ‘4’ with respect to a decimal number).In this case, a before-conversion value (257′ with respect to a decimalnumber) of the digital sample data may be different from anafter-conversion value (256′ with respect to a decimal number) of thedigital sample data. That is, as a range of values representing thedigital sample signal is increased, a value of the bit data of theexponent region may be increased for covering the range, and moreover, avalue resolution of the digital sample data after conversion may bedecreased.

In an embodiment, the number of bits of the exponent region isdetermined based on a data probability distribution having a largestvariance among a plurality of data probability distributions of theinput signal based on a plurality of receivable amplitude ranges of theRFIC 120. In another embodiment, the number of bits of the exponentregion dynamically varies based on a variance of the data probabilitydistribution of the input signal, and as the number of bits of theexponent region varies, the number of bits of the mantissa region mayvary or may be maintained. For example, as a variance of the dataprobability distribution of the input signal decreases, the number ofbits of the exponent region may decrease, and the number of bits of themantissa region may increase by the decreased number of bits of theexponent region or may be maintained.

In an embodiment, the data compressor 130 performs floating pointconversion on the digital sample data on the basis of a point at which avalue of the digital sample data included in the digital sample signalis in the data probability distribution of the input signal. In anexemplary embodiment, the data compressor 130 adjusts a value of the bitdata of the exponent region determining a resolution on the basis of adata probability corresponding to a value of the digital sample data toperform a floating point conversion.

In an embodiment, the data compressor 130 compresses the digital sampledata on the basis of various compression manners. In a first compressionmanner, the data compressor 130 performs a least significant bit (LSB)truncation on the digital sample data to generate truncated sample dataand performs a floating point conversion on the truncated sample data onthe basis of a point at which a value of the truncated sample datacorresponding to a result of the performed floating point conversion isin the data probability distribution of the input signal. The firstcompression manner will be described below in detail with reference toFIGS. 6A and 6B. In a second compression manner, when an amplitude of avalue of the digital sample data is greater than a threshold value, thedata compressor 130 selects a first conversion manner from among aplurality of conversion manners, and when the amplitude of the value ofthe digital sample data is equal to or less than the threshold value,the data compressor 130 selects a second conversion manner from amongthe plurality of conversion manners. The data compressor 130 may thenconvert the digital sample data on the basis of the selected conversionmanner. In an exemplary embodiment, when an amplitude of a value of theI sample data or an amplitude of a value of the Q sample data in thedigital sample data is greater than the threshold value, the datacompressor 130 selects the first conversion manner from among theplurality of conversion manners, and when the amplitude of the value ofthe I sample data and the amplitude of the value of the Q sample data isequal to or less than the threshold value, the data compressor 130selects the second conversion manner from among the plurality ofconversion manners. The threshold value may be set based on the firstconversion manner or the second conversion manner. For example, thesecond conversion manner may be a conversion manner having a resolutionwhich is higher than that of the first conversion manner. That is, whenan amplitude of a value of the digital sample data is greater than thethreshold value, the first conversion manner where a range of aconvertible value is broad is applied despite having a low resolution,and when an amplitude of a value of the digital sample data is equal toor less than the threshold value, the second conversion manner where arange of a convertible value is narrow is applied despite having a highresolution. The second compression manner will be described below indetail with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10 . In a third compression manner,the data compressor 130 performs compression on the digital sample dataon the basis of a combination of the first compression manner and thesecond compression manner. The data compressor 130 may performcompression on the digital sample signal on the basis of variouscompression manners based on the data probability distribution of theinput signal, in addition to the first to third compression mannersdescribed above. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, an examplewhich uses the first to third compression manners will be mainlydescribed, but the inventive concept is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, the data compressor 130 may be implemented to supportonly one of the first to third compression manners described above, ormay be implemented to support all of the first to third compressionmanners. When it is possible to support the first to third compressionmanners, the data compressor 130 may select an optimal compressionmanner from among the first to third compression manners on the basis ofa current communication environment, a current operation mode, and acurrently desired performance value of the wireless communicationapparatus 100. Then, the data compressor operates based on the selectedoptimal compression manner. In an exemplary embodiment, the datacompressor 130 selects a compression manner from among the first tothird compression manners on the basis of a degree of loss caused bycompression and decompression based on the first to third compressionmanners. This will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS.11 to 13 .

The data transfer link 140 transfers a compressed digital sample signal,received from the data compressor 130, to the data decompressor 150. Inan exemplary embodiment, the data transfer link 140 includes a pluralityof transfer lines for transferring the compressed digital sample signal.The data compressor 130 may be disposed adjacent to an output terminalof the RFIC 120, and the data decompressor 150 may be disposed adjacentto an input terminal of the processor 160. Therefore, the data transferlink 140 may transfer the digital sample signal received from the RFIC120 so that the processor 160 processes the digital sample signal.

The data decompressor 150 decompresses the compressed digital samplesignal on the basis of a decompression manner corresponding to acompression manner of the data compressor 130 to generate decompresseddigital sample signal and provides the decompressed digital samplesignal to the processor 160. The processor 160 may process thedecompressed digital sample signal.

Each of the data compressor 130 and the data decompressor 150 may be ahardware block including an analog circuit and/or a digital circuit, ormay be a software block including a plurality of instructions executedby another processor. Furthermore, each of the data compressor 130 andthe data decompressor 150 may be variously implemented by a combinationof hardware and software.

The wireless communication apparatus 100 according to an exemplaryembodiment performs compression on the digital sample signal on thebasis of a data probability distribution of an input signal, and thus, acommunication condition or environment of the wireless communicationapparatus 100 may be reflected in the compression, Accordingly, anoptimal compression may be performed, a structure of a data transferlink for transferring the digital sample signal may be simplified, and asize of the data transfer link or the wireless communication apparatusmay be decreased.

FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams for describing an operation of a datacompressor 130 performing conversion of a floating point, according toan exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, and FIGS. 5A to 5C arediagrams for describing a data probability distribution of an inputsignal used for a compression operation of a data compressor.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the data compressor 130 includes a floating pointconverter 131, and the floating point converter 131 performs a floatingpoint conversion on K-bit (where K is an integer of 1 or more) digitalsample data DSD to output converted digital sample data DSD_Comp. Theconverted digital sample data DSD_Comp includes an N-bit (where N is aninteger of 1 or more) mantissa region M_R and an M-bit (where M is aninteger of 1 or more) exponent region E_R, and a sum of N and M is setto be less than K. A value of N and a value of M may be previously setbased on a range of values which the digital sample data DSD may have.The range of the values which the digital sample data DSD may have mayvary based on a receivable signal amplitude range of an RFIC (120 ofFIG. 1 ), and in another embodiment, a value of N and a value of M maybe previously set based on the receivable signal amplitude range of theRFIC (120 of FIG. 1 ).

Referring further to FIG. 3 , in terms of a characteristic of wirelesscommunication, a data probability distribution (where the X axisrepresents a value of data and the Y axis represents a probability valueP(X) corresponding to the value of the data) of an input signal of awireless communication apparatus (100 of FIG. 1 ) may be a Gaussiandistribution, and based on the data probability distribution of theinput signal, the floating point converter 131 may perform floatingpoint conversion on digital sample data DSD. For example, when a valueof the digital sample data DSD is located between ‘An’ and ‘Ap’, thefloating point converter 131 determines a value of bit data of theexponent region E_R as a first value V1 and determines a value of bitdata of the mantissa region M_R based on the first value V1 of the bitdata of the exponent region E_R, thereby performing a conversionoperation. When the value of the digital sample data DSD is locatedbetween ‘Bn’ and ‘An’ or between ‘Ap’ and ‘Bp’, the floating pointconverter 131 determines a value of the bit data of the exponent regionE_R as a second value V2 and determines a value of the bit data of themantissa region M_R based on the second value V2 of the bit data of theexponent region E_R, thereby performing a conversion operation. When thevalue of the digital sample data DSD is located between ‘Cn’ and ‘Bn’ orbetween ‘Bp’ and ‘Cp’, the floating point converter 131 determines avalue of the bit data of the exponent region E_R as a third value V3 anddetermines a value of the bit data of the mantissa region M_R based onthe third value V3 of the bit data of the exponent region E_R, therebyperforming a conversion operation. As described above, based on the dataprobability distribution of the input signal, the floating pointconverter 131 determines a small value of the bit data of the exponentregion E_R in association with the digital sample data DSD, which isexpected to be received more often, and thus, may perform conversion sothat a value of the digital sample data DSD is maximally equal to avalue of the compressed digital sample data DSD_Comp. Moreover, thefloating point converter 131 may determine a largest value of the bitdata of the exponent region E_R in association with the digital sampledata DSD, which is expected to be received less often, and thus, maycover a value of the digital sample data DSD.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 , a criterion (for example, Ap, Bp, Cp, An, Bn,and Cn) for determining a value of the bit data of the exponent regionE_R may be previously set based on the data probability distribution ofthe input signal, and based on a variance of the data probabilitydistribution of the input signal. The criterion may be set identicallyor differently. The Gaussian distribution of FIG. 3 is merely an examplefor describing an exemplary embodiment, and the inventive concept is notlimited thereto.

Referring further to FIG. 4 , in operation S100, the number of bits ofthe mantissa region and the number of bits of the exponent region areeach set. The number of bits of the mantissa region and the number ofbits of the exponent region may each be previously set as a combinationof minimum values for expressing all values which the digital sampledata may have. In an exemplary embodiment, the number of bits of theexponent region is determined based on a data probability distributionhaving a largest variance among a plurality of data probabilitydistributions of the input signal based on a plurality of receivableamplitude ranges of the RFIC 120. That is, as a variance of a dataprobability distribution increases, a range of values which the digitalsample data may have increases, and thus, based thereon, the number ofbits of the exponent region may be set. In another exemplary embodiment,the number of bits of the exponent region dynamically varies based on avariance of the data probability distribution of the input signal, andthus, the number of bits of the mantissa region may vary or may bemaintained.

In order to help understand a description of operation S100, referringfurther to FIGS. 5A to 5C, the RFIC 120 may be set to receive an inputsignal IS1 having an amplitude within a first signal amplitude range R1as in FIG. 5A, or may be set to receive an input signal IS2 having anamplitude within a wider second signal amplitude range R2 than the firstsignal amplitude range R1 as in FIG. 5B. As described above, areceivable signal amplitude range of the RFIC 120 may be adjusted basedon factors such as a predetermined beamforming manner and gains set inlow noise amplifiers. As illustrated in FIG. 5C, a data probabilitydistribution of the first input signal IS1 may correspond to a firstprobability distribution function PDF1 having a first variance, and adata probability distribution of the second input signal IS2 maycorrespond to a second probability distribution function PDF2 having asecond variance, which is greater than the first variance. The number ofbits of the mantissa region and the number of bits of the exponentregion may be set or may vary to be suitable for a data probabilitydistribution characteristic of an input signal.

In operation S110, the floating point converter 131 performs a floatingpoint conversion on the digital sample data to have a data formatsuitable for the number of bits of the mantissa region and the number ofbits of the exponent region, which are set in operation S100.

FIG. 6A is a block diagram for describing a data compressor 130 aperforming a compression operation on the basis of the first compressionmanner and a data decompressor 150 a performing a decompressionoperation on the basis of the first decompression manner, according toan exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, and FIG. 6B is aflowchart for describing an operation of the data compressor 130 a ofFIG. 6A. The data compressor 130 a may be used to implement the datacompressor 130 of FIG. 1 . The data decompressor 150 a may be used toimplement the data decompressor 150 of FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIG. 6A, the data compressor 130 a compresses digitalsample data on the basis of the first compression manner. That is, thedata compressor 130 a performs LSB truncation on the digital sample datato generate truncated sample data and performs floating point conversionon the truncated sample data to generated compressed digital sampledata. The LSB truncation may include setting an LSB bit of the digitalsample data to 0, setting the lowermost two LSB bits of the digitalsample data to 0, setting the lowermost three LSB bits of the digitalsample data to 0, etc. The LSB truncation may include removing an LSBbit of the digital sample, removing the lowermost two LSB bits of thedigital sample data, removing the lowermost three LSB bits of thedigital sample data, etc. In an exemplary embodiment, the datacompressor 130 a includes a bit shifter 133 a (e.g., a shift circuit)and a floating point converter 131 a (e.g., a logic circuit). The bitshifter 133 a bit-shifts the digital sample data, received from an RFIC(120 of FIG. 1 ), by a certain bit in one direction to generate shifteddata, and the floating point converter 131 a performs a floating pointconversion on shifted data output from the bit shifter 133 a to generatecompressed digital sample data. For example, the bit shifter 133 a couldperform a right shift of one bit, a right shift of two bits, a rightshift of three bits, etc. A data transfer link 140 transfers the digitalsample data, compressed by the data compressor 130 a, to the datadecompressor 150 a. The data decompressor 150 a performs decompressionon the digital sample data compressed by the first decompression mannercorresponding to the first compression manner. In an exemplaryembodiment, the data decompressor 150 a includes a fixed point converter151 a (e.g., a logic circuit) and a bit shifter 153 a. The fixed pointconverter 151 a performs an operation of converting a floating pointdata format into a fixed point data format on compressed digital sampledata received from the data transfer link 140, and the bit shifter 153 abit-shifts the fixed point-converted digital sample data by a certainbit in the other direction. For example, if the bit shifter 133 ashifted input data to the right by two bits then the bit shifter 153shifts input data to the left by two bits. Digital sample datadecompressed by the data decompressor 150 a may be output to a processor(160 of FIG. 1 ). The embodiment of FIG. 6A corresponds to an exemplaryconfiguration for convenience of description. However, the presentembodiment is not limited thereto. Various implementation embodimentsfor compressing digital sample data by using the above-described firstcompression manner and decompressing digital sample data by using theabove-described first decompression manner may be applied to the datacompressor 130 a and the data decompressor 150 a. The number of bitsshiftable by the bit shifter 153 a may vary based on an apparatus or asystem, to which the inventive concept is applied, and a floating pointexpression range may be reduced by a shifting operation of the bitshifter 153 a, thereby enhancing compression efficiency.

Referring further to FIG. 6B, in operation 200 a, the data compressor130 a performs LSB truncation on digital sample data received from anRFIC (120 of FIG. 1 ) to generate truncated sample data. Subsequently,in operation 210 a, the data compressor 130 a performs a floating pointconversion on the truncated sample data based on a data probabilitydistribution of an input signal to generate compressed digital sampledata. Subsequently, the data transfer link 140 transfers digital sampledata, compressed by the data compressor 130 a, to the data decompressor150 a. In an exemplary embodiment, the data decompressor 150 a performsan inverse conversion corresponding to each of operation 200 a andoperation 210 a to decompress the compressed digital sample data.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram for describing a data compressor 130 bperforming a compression operation on the basis of the secondcompression manner and a data decompressor 150 b performing adecompression operation on the basis of a second decompression manner,according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. The datacompressor 130 b and the data decompressor 150 b may be used toimplement the data compressor 130 and the data decompressor 150 of FIG.1 , respectively.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the data compressor 130 b compresses digitalsample data on the basis of the second compression manner. That is, thedata compressor 130 b selects one conversion manner from among aplurality of conversion manners having different resolutions on thebasis of an amplitude of a value of digital sample data included in adigital sample signal and performs the selected conversion on thedigital sample data. In an exemplary embodiment, when the amplitude ofthe value of the digital sample data is greater than a threshold value,the data compressor 130 b selects the first conversion manner from amonga plurality of conversion manners, and when the amplitude of the valueof the digital sample data is equal to or less than the threshold value,the data compressor 130 b selects the second conversion manner fromamong the plurality of conversion manners. In an exemplary embodiment,the second conversion manner is a conversion manner having a resolutionwhich is higher than that of the first conversion manner. For example,the first conversion manner may be a floating point conversion manner,and the second conversion manner may be a fixed point conversion manner.Also, assuming that the digital sample data includes I sample data and Qsample data, each of before-compression I sample data and Q sample datais K bits, a mantissa region corresponding to a data format in thefloating point conversion manner is N bits, and an exponent regioncorresponding to the data format in the floating point conversion manneris N bits, a conversion manner may be selected based on the followingEquation (1).

max(|I|,|Q|)>2^(N−1+{circumflex over (M)})−1  Equation (1)

In Equation (1), max(|I|, |Q|) may determine whether a largest valueamong an absolute value |I| of the I sample data and an absolute value|Q| of the Q sample data is greater than a threshold value2^(N−1+{circumflex over (M)})−1. N may denote the number of bits of themantissa region, M may denote the number of bits of the exponent region,and {circumflex over (M)} may denote

$\left\lbrack \frac{M}{2} \right\rbrack$

(a value corresponding to a quota obtained by dividing M by two).However, the threshold value of Equation (1) is merely an example asembodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto, andmoreover, may be a criterion for selecting a conversion manner and maybe variously set.

The data compressor 130 b may select a conversion manner on the basis ofa largest value among a plurality of pieces of digital sample dataincluded in a certain digital sample data group. The digital sample datagroup may include the plurality of pieces of digital sample data and maybe a unit of performing a conversion operation on the basis of aselected conversion manner. For example, when a first digital sampledata group includes first I sample data, first Q sample data, second Isample data, and second Q sample data, the data compressor 130 b selectsa conversion manner on the basis of the first I sample data having alargest value and performs conversion on the first I sample data, thefirst Q sample data, the second I sample data, and the second Q sampledata on the basis of the selected conversion manner. Subsequently, thedata compressor 130 b may select a conversion manner corresponding to asecond digital sample data group and may perform conversion on seconddigital sample data on the basis of the selected conversion manner. Inan exemplary embodiment, the number of pieces of digital sample dataincluded in the digital sample data group may vary based on acommunication environment or a communication condition of a wirelesscommunication apparatus including the data compressor 130 b. Forexample, the number of pieces of digital sample data included in thedigital sample data group may be determined based on a variance of adata probability distribution of an input signal. In detail, it may beset that, as the variance of the data probability distribution of theinput signal increases, the number of pieces of data included in thedigital sample data group decreases. That is, in a case where thevariance of the data probability distribution of the input signal islarge, as the variance of the data probability distribution of the inputsignal increases, it may be difficult to apply the same conversionmanner to the digital sample data group, and thus, based on thevariance, the digital sample data group may be set to have theappropriate number of pieces of data. However, this is merely anexemplary embodiment, and the number of pieces of data of the digitalsample data group may be set based on various manners and criterions.

The data compressor 130 b includes a decision circuit 134 b, a firstconverter 131 b (e.g., a logic circuit), a second converter 132 b (e.g.,a logic circuit), and an indication bit adder 135 b (e.g., an addingcircuit). The first converter 131 b may perform a conversion operationon the basis of the first conversion manner (for example, the floatingpoint conversion manner), and the second converter 132 b may perform aconversion operation on the basis of the second conversion manner (forexample, the fixed point conversion manner). The decision circuit 134 bmay compare an amplitude of an I sample data value and an amplitude of aQ sample data value of digital sample data with the threshold value ofEquation (1) to select a conversion manner. When a largest value amongthe absolute value |I| of the I sample data and the absolute value |Q|of the Q sample data is greater than the threshold value, the decisioncircuit 134 b may select the first conversion manner to activate thefirst converter 131 b. When the largest value among the absolute value|I| of the I sample data and the absolute value |Q| of the Q sample datais equal to or less than the threshold value, the decision circuit 134 bmay select the second conversion manner to activate the second converter132 b.

When the first converter 131 b is activated, the first converter 131 bmay perform a conversion operation on each of the I sample data and theQ sample data on the basis of the first conversion manner, and when thesecond converter 132 b is activated, the second converter 132 b mayperform a conversion operation on each of the I sample data and the Qsample data on the basis of the second conversion manner. In anembodiment, as described above, the first converter 131 b may performfloating point conversion, corresponding to the predetermined number ofbits of a mantissa region and the predetermined number of bits of anexponent region, on each of the I sample data and the Q sample data onthe basis of a data probability distribution of an input signal. Also,the second converter 132 b may additionally allocate some bits of theexponent region to the predetermined number of bits of the mantissaregion in association with each of the I sample data and the Q sampledata, and then, based thereon, the second converter 132 b may perform afixed point conversion. In an embodiment, the some bits of the exponentregion additionally allocated to the number of bits of the mantissaregion may be determined as

$\left\lbrack \frac{M}{2} \right\rbrack$

of Equation (1). For example, when the predetermined number of bits ofthe mantissa region is 8 bits and the number of bits of the exponentregion is 3 bits, the second converter 132 b may additionally allocatesome bits (for example,

$\left\lbrack \frac{3}{2} \right\rbrack = 1$

bits) of the exponent region to the number of bits of the mantissaregion and may perform a fixed point conversion on each of the I sampledata and the Q sample data with a total of 9 bits.

In an exemplary embodiment, the indication bit adder 135 b receivesconverted I sample data and converted Q sample data from the firstconverter 131 b or the second converter 132 b and adds an indication bitindicating a conversion manner to at least one of the converted I sampledata and the converted Q sample data. For example, when the digitalsample data is converted by the first converter 131 b, the indicationbit adder 135 b may add 1-bit data having a value ‘0’, and when thedigital sample data is converted by the second converter 132 b, theindication bit adder 135 b may add 1-bit data having a value ‘1’. Theindication bit adder 135 b may receive information about a selectedconversion manner from the decision circuit 134 b.

A data transfer link 140 may transfer digital sample data, compressed bythe data compressor 130 b, to a data decompressor 150 b. The datadecompressor 150 b may perform decompression on digital sample datacompressed by the second decompression manner corresponding to thesecond compression manner. In an exemplary embodiment, the datadecompressor 150 b includes a decision circuit 154 b, a third converter151 b (e.g., a logic circuit), and a fourth converter 152 b (e.g., alogic circuit). The decision circuit 154 b activates one of the thirdconverter 151 b and the fourth converter 152 b on the basis of anindication bit of compressed digital sample data. In an embodiment, thethird converter 151 b corresponds to the first converter 131 b, and thefourth converter 152 b may correspond to the second converter 132 b.That is, the third converter 151 b may perform conversion on the basisof an inverse conversion manner of the above-described first conversionmanner (for example, the floating point conversion manner) to decompressthe compressed digital sample data, and the fourth converter 152 b mayperform conversion on the basis of an inverse conversion manner of theabove-described second conversion manner (for example, the fixed pointconversion manner) to decompress the compressed digital sample data.Digital sample data decompressed by the data decompressor 150 b may beoutput to a processor (160 of FIG. 1 ). The embodiment of FIG. 7corresponds to an exemplary configuration for convenience ofdescription. However, embodiments of the present embodiment are notlimited thereto. Various implementation embodiments for compressingdigital sample data by using the above-described second compressionmanner and decompressing digital sample data by using theabove-described second decompression manner may be applied to the datacompressor 130 b and the data decompressor 150 b.

FIG. 8A is a flowchart for describing an operation of the datacompressor 130 b of FIG. 7 according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept, and FIG. 8B is a flowchart for describing anoperation of the second converter 132 b of FIG. 7 . Hereinafter,description will be given with reference to FIG. 7 .

Referring to FIG. 8A, in operation 200 b, the data compressor 130 bselects a conversion manner on the basis of an amplitude of a value ofdigital sample data. Subsequently, in operation 210 b, the datacompressor 130 b converts the digital sample data on the basis of theselected conversion manner. In operation S220b, the data compressor 130b generates an indication bit indicating the selected conversion mannerand adds the indication bit to converted digital sample data.Subsequently, the data transfer link 140 transfers digital sample data,compressed by the data compressor 130 b, to the data decompressor 150 b,and the data decompressor 150 b may perform an inverse conversioncorresponding to operation 210 b on the basis of the indication bit todecompress the digital sample data.

Referring to FIG. 8B, at least one bit of M bits of the M-bit mantissaregion corresponding to an N-bit exponent region corresponding to amantissa region previously set for floating point conversion by thefirst converter 131 b is further allocated to the N-bit exponent regionin a data format for the second converter 132 b performing a fixed pointconversion in operation 211 b subsequently to operation 200 b (FIG. 8A).In operation 212 b, the second converter 132 b performs fixed pointconversion on the digital sample data on the basis of a converted dataformat. Subsequently, operation 220 b (FIG. 8A) may be performed.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are flowcharts for describing an operation of a digitalsample data group unit of the data compressor 130 b of FIG. 7 accordingto an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. Hereinafter, adescription will be given with reference to FIG. 7 .

Referring to FIG. 9A, in operation 220 c, the data compressor 130 bselects a conversion manner on the basis of a largest value among aplurality of pieces of digital sample data included in a digital sampledata group. In operation 210 c, the data compressor 130 b converts thedigital sample data group on the basis of the selected conversionmanner. In operation 220 c, the data compressor 130 b generates anindication bit indicating the selected conversion manner which isapplied to the digital sample data group in common and adds theindication bit to a converted digital sample data group. Subsequently,the data transfer link 140 transfers the digital sample data group,compressed by the data compressor 130 b, to the data decompressor 150 b,and the data decompressor 150 b performs an inverse conversioncorresponding to operation 210 c on the basis of the indication bit todecompress a compressed digital sample data group.

Referring to FIG. 9B, in operation 230 c, the data compressor 130 b setsthe number of pieces of data of the digital sample data group on thebasis of a data probability distribution of an input signal. In anexemplary embodiment, the data compressor 130 b sets the number ofpieces of data of the digital sample data group on the basis of avariance of the data probability distribution of the input signal.Subsequently, operation 200 c (FIG. 9A) may be performed.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram for describing a data compressor 130 cperforming a compression operation on the basis of the secondcompression manner and a data decompressor 150 c performing adecompression operation on the basis of the second decompression manner,according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 10 , the data compressor 130 c compresses digitalsample data on the basis of the second compression manner. In anexemplary embodiment, when an amplitude of a value of the digital sampledata is greater than a threshold value, the data compressor 130 cselects a floating point conversion manner to perform conversion on thedigital sample data, and when the amplitude of the value of the digitalsample data is less than the threshold value, the data compressor 130 coutputs the digital sample data without a separate conversion. Forexample, the data compressor 130 c may output the digital sample data asit is or with an added bit to indicate it has not been converted. Thethreshold value has been described above with reference to FIG. 7 , andthus, its detailed description is omitted.

In an exemplary embodiment, the data compressor 130 c includes adecision circuit 134 c, a first converter 131 c (e.g., a logic circuit),and an indication bit adder 135 c (e.g., an adder circuit). The firstconverter 131 c may perform a conversion operation on the basis of afloating point conversion manner. The decision circuit 134 c may comparean amplitude of an I sample data value and an amplitude of a Q sampledata value of digital sample data with the threshold value of Equation(1) to select a conversion manner. When a largest value among theabsolute value |I| of the I sample data and the absolute value |Q| ofthe Q sample data is greater than the threshold value, the decisioncircuit 134 c may select the floating point conversion manner toactivate the first converter 131 c and may output the I sample data andthe Q sample data to the first converter 131 c. When the largest valueamong the absolute value |I| of the I sample data and the absolute value|Q| of the Q sample data is equal to or less than the threshold value,the decision circuit 134 c may output the I sample data and the Q sampledata to the indication bit adder 135 c without a separate conversion.

When the first converter 131 c is activated, the first converter 131 cperforms a conversion operation on each of the I sample data and the Qsample data on the basis of the floating point conversion manner. In anembodiment, as described above, the first converter 131 c may performfloating point conversion, corresponding to the predetermined number ofbits of a mantissa region and the predetermined number of bits of anexponent region, on each of the I sample data and the Q sample data onthe basis of a data probability distribution of an input signal.

The indication bit adder 135 c receives converted I sample data andconverted Q sample data from the first converter 131 c or receivesbypassed I sample data and Q sample data, and may generate an indicationbit indicating whether to perform a conversion operation on the I sampledata and the Q sample data. The indication bit adder 135 c may add thegenerated indication bit to received digital sample data.

A data transfer link 140 transfers digital sample data, output from thedata compressor 130 c, to the data decompressor 150 c. The datadecompressor 150 c may process digital sample data, which is compressedby the data compressor 130 c or is bypassed. For example, the processedthe compressed digital simple data or the original data that was inputto the decision circuit 134 c. Hereinafter, digital sample data receivedby the data decompressor 150 c is referred to as reception data.

In an exemplary embodiment, the data decompressor 150 c includes adecision circuit 154 c and a third converter 151 c (e.g., a logiccircuit). The decision circuit 154 c may activate the third converter151 c on the basis of an indication bit of reception data. In anembodiment, the third converter 151 c corresponds to the first converter131 b, and the third converter 151 c performs a conversion operation onthe reception data on the basis of an inverse conversion manner of thefloating point conversion manner and may output converted reception datato a processor (160 of FIG. 1 ). Also, the decision circuit 154 c maybypass the reception data on which a separate conversion operation isnot performed and may output the reception data to the processor (160 ofFIG. 1 ). For example, if the reception data has not been compressed,the decision circuit 154 c output the reception data to the processorwithout outputting it to the third converter 151 c. The embodiment ofFIG. 10 corresponds to an exemplary configuration for convenience ofdescription. However, embodiments of the present embodiment are notlimited thereto. Various implementation embodiments for compressingdigital sample data by using the above-described second compressionmanner and decompressing digital sample data by using theabove-described second decompression manner may be applied to the datacompressor 130 c and the data decompressor 150 c.

FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams for describing a method of selecting acompression manner, according to an exemplary embodiment of theinventive concept.

Referring to FIG. 11 , a data compressor 200 include a compressionmanner (CM) selector 210 (e.g., a selection circuit, a multiplexer,etc.), first to third compression logics 221 to 223 (e.g., logiccircuits), and a generating circuit 230. The first to third compressionlogics 221 to 223 compress digital sample data on the basis of differentcompression manners. For example, the first compression logic 221 maycompress the digital sample data on the basis of the first compressionmanner described above with reference to FIG. 6A, the second compressionlogic 222 may compress the digital sample data on the basis of thesecond compression manner described above with reference to FIG. 7 or 10, and the third compression logic 223 may compress the digital sampledata on the basis of a third compression manner that combines the firstcompression manner with the second compression manner. However, this ismerely an exemplary embodiment, and the inventive concept is not limitedthereto. The first to third compression logics 221 to 223 may beimplemented to perform a compression operation on the basis of differentcompression manners in addition to the above-described compressionmanners, and moreover, the data compressor 200 may include more or fewercompression logics. Also, in FIG. 11 , it is illustrated that the firstto third logics 221 to 223 are implemented as separate logics, but thefirst to third logics 221 to 223 may share some elements.

The compression manner selector 210 may select an optimal compressionmanner from among the first to third compression manners on the basis ofat least one of a communication environment, an operation mode, and adesired performance value of a wireless communication apparatusincluding the data compressor 200, and then, may operate based on theselected optimal compression manner. In an exemplary embodiment, thecompression manner selector 210 selects a compression manner on thebasis of an error vector magnitude (EVM) representing a degree of losscaused by compression and decompression. EVM may be defined according tothe following Equation (2).

$\begin{matrix}{{EVM} = {\frac{1}{N_{s}}{\sum}_{k = 1}^{N_{s}}\frac{{❘{x_{k} - {\overset{\hat{}}{x}}_{k}}❘}^{k}}{P_{avg}}}} & {{Equation}(2)}\end{matrix}$

In Equation (2), Pang may denote an average power corresponding to aninput signal, x_(k) may denote k^(th) original digital sample data,{circumflex over (x)}_(k) may denote k^(th) decompressed digital sampledata, and N_(s) may denote the number of pieces of digital sample dataused to measure the EVM. Digital sample data used to measure EVM may bereferred to as test sample data.

In an embodiment, the generating circuit 230 measures an EVM of each ofthe first to third compression logics 221 to 223 by using a plurality ofpieces of test sample data to generate information about the EVM. Also,the generating circuit 230 may predict the EVM of each of the first tothird compression logics 221 to 223 to generate the information aboutthe EVM. In an exemplary embodiment, the generating circuit 230 predictsthe EVM of each of the first to third compression logics 221 to 223 onthe basis of a compression-decompression loss parameter corresponding toeach of the first to third compression manners and a variance parameterof a data probability distribution of an input signal. Thecompression-decompression loss parameter may be defined as representinga degree of compression-decompression loss, which is predetermined foreach compression manner on the basis of various communicationenvironments or communication conditions of a wireless communicationapparatus. The various communication environments or communicationconditions may include a target signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), an internaldata transfer speed, a desired compression rate, the total amount ofallowable transfer bits, and a target system performance of the wirelesscommunication apparatus. The variance parameter of the data probabilitydistribution of the input signal may represent a degree of variance ofthe data probability distribution of the input signal.

The compression manner selector 210 may receive the information aboutthe EVM from the generating circuit 230 and may select a compressionmanner on the basis of the information about the EVM. For example, thecompression manner selector 210 may select a compression mannercorresponding to a minimum EVM with reference to the information aboutthe EVM.

In an embodiment, the generating circuit 230 selects a compressionmanner by further using the information about the EVM and a target SNRand allowable SNR loss needed for the wireless communication apparatus.The target SNR, the allowable SNR loss, and the EVM may be definedaccording to the following Equation (3).

$\begin{matrix}{{SNR}_{loss} \geq {{SNR}_{target} - \frac{{SNR}_{target}}{{{EVM} \cdot {SNR}_{target}} - 1}}} & {{Equation}(3)}\end{matrix}$

In Equation (3), SNR_(loss) may denote allowable SNR loss, andSNR_(target) may denote a target SNR.

In an embodiment, the compression manner selector 210 selects acompression manner on the basis of whether a value obtained through anarithmetic operation based on the EVM and the target SNR “SNR_(target)”matches a condition within the predetermined allowable SNR loss“SNR_(loss)”. Also, when there are a plurality of compression mannershaving an EVM satisfying the condition of Equation (3), the compressionmanner selector 210 may select a compression manner having a maximumcompression rate from among the plurality of compression manners.However, this is merely an exemplary embodiment, and the inventiveconcept is not limited thereto. In addition to Equation (3), variousmetrics for selecting an optimal compression manner may be set.

The compression manner selector 210 and the generating circuit 230 mayeach include a calculation circuit which measures or predicts an EVM andperforms an arithmetic operation needed for selecting a compressionmanner. In some embodiments, the compression manner selector 210 and thegenerating circuit 230 may be implemented as one block.

The compression manner selector 210 selects one compression manner fromamong the first to third compression manners and activates a compressionlogic corresponding to the selected compression manner among the firstto third compression logics 221 to 223, thereby allowing the activatedcompression logic to perform a compression operation on digital sampledata. Subsequently, digital sample data compressed by the selectedcompression logic may be decompressed based on a decompression mannercorresponding thereto and may be provided to a processor.

Referring to FIG. 12 , in operation S300, the compression mannerselector 210 selects one compression manner from among a plurality ofcompression manners. As described above with reference to FIG. 11 , thecompression manner selector 210 may select a compression manner on thebasis of a degree of loss caused by compression and decompressioncorresponding to each of the plurality of compression manners, or mayselect a compression manner currently suitable for a wirelesscommunication apparatus by using various methods such as selecting acompression manner satisfying Equation (3). In operation S310, acompression logic selected by the compression manner selector 210compresses digital sample data on the basis of the selected compressionmanner.

Referring further to FIG. 13 , in operation S301, the generating circuit301 generates a degree of loss caused by compression and decompressioncorresponding to each of the plurality of compression manners. Forexample, the generating circuit 301 may generate an EVM representing thedegree of loss caused by compression and decompression. The compressionmanner selector 210 may select one compression manner from among theplurality of compression manners on the basis of the degree of losscaused by compression and decompression for each compression manner.Subsequently, operation S310 (FIG. 12 ) may be performed.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a storage system 1000 accordingto an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the storage system 1000 includes a host 1100(e.g., a host device) and a storage device 1200. The storage device 1200may transmit or receive a signal SGL to or from the host 1100 through asignal connector and may be supplied with power PWR through a powerconnector. In an exemplary embodiment, the storage device 1200 includesa controller 1210 (e.g., a control circuit), an auxiliary power supply1220, and a plurality of memory devices 1230, 1240, and 1250.

The controller 1210 includes a data compressor 1215 to which theembodiments are applied, and the data compressor 1215 may compress dataon the basis of a suitable compression manner based on an environment ora data transmission/reception state between the host 1100 and thestorage device 1200 and may provide compressed data to the memorydevices 1230, 1240, and 1250 through channels Ch1 to Chn. Any of datacompressors 130, 130 a, 130 b, 130 c, or 200 may be used to implementthe data compressor 1215. Furthermore, based on a state of each of thechannels Ch1 to Chn, the data compressor 1215 may change a compressionmanner for each memory device and may perform a compression operation ondata. Also, although not shown in FIG. 14 , the controller 1210 or eachof the memory devices 1230, 1240, and 1250 may further include a datadecompressor (not shown) corresponding to the data compressor 1215 andmay perform a data decompression operation. For example, the datadecompressor may be implemented by any one of data decompressors 150,150 a, 150 b, 150 c.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating communication apparatuses including adata compressor or a data decompressor, according to an exemplaryembodiment of the inventive concept.

Referring to FIG. 15 , home gadget 2100, home appliances 2120,entertainment equipment 2140, and an access point (AP) 2200 may eachinclude the data compressor or the data decompressor according to theabove-described embodiments. In some embodiments, the home gadget 2100,the home appliances 2120, the entertainment equipment 2140, and the AP2200 may configure an Internet of things (IoT) network system.Communication devices illustrated in FIG. 15 are merely an exemplaryembodiment. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the wirelesscommunication apparatus according to the embodiments may be included inother communication devices which are not illustrated in FIG. 15 .

While the inventive concept has been particularly shown and describedwith reference to embodiments thereof, it will be understood thatvarious changes in form and details may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept.

1. A wireless communication apparatus comprising: a radio frequencyintegrated circuit (RFIC) configured to generate a first digital sampledata from an input signal; a data compressor configured to compress thefirst digital sample data to a compressed data including a first bitdata of an exponent region and a second bit data of a mantissa region; adata decompressor configured to decompress the compressed data to asecond digital sample data in a decompression manner corresponding tothe compression manner of the data compressor; a data transfer linkconfigured to transfer the compressed data to the data decompressor; anda processor configured to process the second digital sample data,wherein the data compressor is further configured to: determine a firstvalue of the first bit data based on a probability corresponding to avalue of the first digital sample data in a first data probabilitydistribution; and determine a second value of the second bit data basedon the first value.
 2. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 1,wherein a number of bits of the first digital sample data is greaterthan a sum of a number of bits of the first bit data and a number ofbits of the second bit data.
 3. The wireless communication apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the value of the first digital sample data matcheswithin an error range with a multiplication result between the firstvalue and the second value.
 4. The wireless communication apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the first value determined by the data compressor whenthe probability is a first probability value is less than the firstvalue determined by the data compressor when the probability is a secondprobability value that is lower than the first probability value.
 5. Thewireless communication apparatus of claim 1, wherein the RFIC is set tohave a first receivable signal amplitude range of a plurality ofreceivable signal amplitude ranges, and the first data probabilitydistribution corresponds to the first receivable signal amplitude range.6. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 5, further comprising amemory storing information about a data probability distributionincluding a plurality of data probability distributions in a one-to-onecorrespondence with the plurality of receivable signal amplitude ranges,wherein the data compressor is further configured to obtain the firstdata probability distribution from the information by accessing thememory.
 7. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 5, wherein anumber of bits of the first bit data is set based on a data probabilitydistribution having a greatest variance among the plurality of dataprobability distributions.
 8. The wireless communication apparatus ofclaim 5, wherein the RFIC is adjusted to have a second receivable signalamplitude range among a plurality of receivable signal amplitude ranges,and the data compressor is further configured to perform a compressionoperation based on a second data probability distribution correspondingto the second receivable signal amplitude range.
 9. The wirelesscommunication apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data compressor isfurther configured to: perform LSB truncation on the first digitalsample data; and compress the truncated first digital sample data to thecompressed data.
 10. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 1,wherein the data compressor is further configured to: select any one ofa plurality of conversion methods having different resolutions based onthe value of the first digital sample data; and compress the firstdigital sample data to the compressed data based on the selectedconversion method.
 11. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 10,wherein the plurality of conversion methods comprises a floating decimalpoint conversion method and a fixed decimal point conversion method, andthe data compressor is further configured to: select the floatingdecimal point conversion method when the value of the first digitalsample data exceeds a threshold value; and select the fixed decimalpoint conversion method when the value of the first digital sample datais less than the threshold value.
 12. A wireless communication apparatuscomprising: a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) configured toset a first receivable signal amplitude range among a plurality ofreceivable signal amplitude ranges to receive an input signal, andgenerate a first digital sample data from an input signal; a datacompressor configured to compress the first digital sample data to acompressed data based on a first data probability distributioncorresponding to the first receivable signal amplitude range among aplurality of data probability distributions; a data decompressorconfigured to decompress the compressed data to a second digital sampledata in a decompression manner corresponding to the compression mannerof the data compressor; a data transfer link configured to transfer thecompressed data to the data decompressor; and a processor configured toprocess the second digital sample data.
 13. The wireless communicationapparatus of claim 12, wherein the first receivable signal amplituderange is set based on a gain set in low-noise amplifiers in the RFIC.14. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 12, further comprisinga memory storing information about a data probability distributionincluding a plurality of data probability distributions in a one-to-onecorrespondence with the plurality of receivable signal amplitude ranges,wherein the data compressor is further configured to obtain the firstdata probability distribution from the information by accessing thememory.
 15. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 12, whereinthe compressed data comprises a first bit data of an exponent region anda second bit data of a mantissa region, and the data compressor isfurther configured to: determine a first value of the first bit databased on a probability corresponding to a value of the first digitalsample data in the first data probability distribution; and determine asecond value of the second bit data based on the first value.
 16. Thewireless communication apparatus of claim 15, wherein a number of bitsof the first bit data is set based on any one of the plurality of dataprobability distributions.
 17. A wireless communication apparatuscomprising: a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) configured togenerate a first digital sample data from an input signal; the firstdigital sample data to a compressed data including a first bit data ofan exponent region and a second bit data of a mantissa region a datacompressor configured to compress; a data decompressor configured todecompress the compressed data to a second digital sample data; a datatransfer link configured to transfer the compressed data to the datadecompressor; and a processor configured to process the second digitalsample data, wherein the data compressor is further configured to:select any one of a plurality of conversion methods having differentresolutions based on the value of the first digital sample data; andcompress the first digital sample data to the compressed data based onthe selected conversion method.
 18. The wireless communication apparatusof claim 17, wherein the plurality of conversion methods comprise afirst conversion method and a second conversion method, and the datacompressor is further configured to: select the first conversion methodwhen a value of the first digital sample data is a first value; andselect the second conversion method when the value of the first digitalsample data is a second value that is greater than the first value, thefirst conversion method having a resolution higher than a resolution ofthe second conversion method.
 19. The wireless communication apparatusof claim 18, wherein the first conversion method comprises a fixeddecimal point conversion method, and the second conversion methodcomprises a floating decimal point conversion method.
 20. The wirelesscommunication apparatus of claim 17, wherein the data compressor isfurther configured to generate an indication bit indicating the selectedconversion method, and the data decompressor is further configured todecompress the compressed data to the second digital sample data basedon a decompression manner matching the selected conversion methodreferring to the indication bit.